runtime prototype

src/lexer.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,21 @@
-use std::{fmt, iter::Peekable};
+use std::{fmt, iter::Peekable, rc::Rc};
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub struct Ident(String);
 impl fmt::Display for Ident {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         self.0.fmt(f)
     }
 }
+impl AsRef<str> for Ident {
+    fn as_ref(&self) -> &str {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum Literal {
-    String(String),
+    String(Rc<String>),
     Integer(i64),
     Boolean(bool),
     Nil,
@@ -234,7 +239,7 @@ where
                 },
                 c if c == delim => {
                     self.eat();
-                    break Ok(Token::Literal(Literal::String(str)));
+                    break Ok(Token::Literal(Literal::String(Rc::new(str))));
                 }
                 _ => str.push(self.next_unwrap()),
             }

src/main.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
-use std::time::Instant;
+use std::{rc::Rc, time::Instant};
 
-use crate::{lexer::Lexer, parser::Parser};
+use crate::{
+    lexer::Lexer,
+    parser::{Expr, Parser},
+};
 
 mod lexer;
 mod parser;
+mod runtime;
 
 fn main() {
     let script = std::fs::read_to_string("./start.leaf").unwrap();
@@ -12,5 +16,6 @@ fn main() {
     let start = Instant::now();
     let block = parser.parse().unwrap();
     println!("Parse took {:?}", start.elapsed());
-    parser::util::display(parser::Expr::Block(block));
+    // parser::util::display(&Rc::new(Expr::Block(Rc::new(block))));
+    runtime::exec(&block).unwrap();
 }

src/parser.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::{fmt, iter::Peekable};
+use std::{fmt, iter::Peekable, rc::Rc};
 
 use crate::lexer::{Associativity, LexError, Literal, Precedence, Token};
 
@@ -7,37 +7,37 @@ pub mod util;
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum Expr {
     // Data and variables
-    Assignment(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    Assignment(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
     Literal(Literal),
     // Runtime datatypes
-    Block(Block),
+    Block(Rc<Block>),
     // Control flow
-    Return(Box<Expr>),
+    Return(Rc<Expr>),
-    Call(Box<Expr>, Vec<Expr>),
+    Call(Rc<Expr>, Vec<Rc<Expr>>),
     // Unary operations
-    Negate(Box<Expr>),
+    Negate(Rc<Expr>),
-    Not(Box<Expr>),
+    Not(Rc<Expr>),
     // Binary operations: logical
-    EqualTo(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    EqualTo(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    NotEqualTo(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    NotEqualTo(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    And(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    And(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    Or(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    Or(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
     // Binary operations: comparison
-    LessThan(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    LessThan(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    LessThanOrEqualTo(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    LessThanOrEqualTo(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    GreaterThan(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    GreaterThan(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    GreaterThanOrEqualTo(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    GreaterThanOrEqualTo(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
     // Binary operations: arithmetic
-    Add(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    Add(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    Subtract(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    Subtract(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    Multiply(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    Multiply(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    Divide(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    Divide(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
-    Exponent(Box<Expr>, Box<Expr>),
+    Exponent(Rc<Expr>, Rc<Expr>),
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
 pub struct Block {
-    pub exprs: Vec<Expr>,
+    pub exprs: Vec<Rc<Expr>>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ where
             did_skip = true;
         }
 
-        return did_skip;
+        did_skip
     }
     fn try_peek(&mut self) -> Result<&Token> {
         // Peek doesn't advance the token stream, so
@@ -108,10 +108,10 @@ where
         self.tokens.next().ok_or(ParseError::UnexpectedEnd)
     }
 
-    fn parse_expr(&mut self, min_prec: Precedence, in_group: bool) -> Result<Box<Expr>> {
+    fn parse_expr(&mut self, min_prec: Precedence, in_group: bool) -> Result<Rc<Expr>> {
         let mut lhs = match self.try_next()? {
             // literal
-            Token::Literal(lit) => Box::new(Expr::Literal(lit)),
+            Token::Literal(lit) => Rc::new(Expr::Literal(lit)),
 
             // start of group
             Token::ParenOpen => {
@@ -126,14 +126,14 @@ where
                 let b = self.parse_block(true)?;
                 // skip curly brace
                 self.eat();
-                Box::new(Expr::Block(b))
+                Rc::new(Expr::Block(Rc::new(b)))
             }
 
             // unary ops!! (prefix)
             t if t.prefix_precedence().is_some() => {
                 let prec = t.prefix_precedence().unwrap();
                 let rhs = self.parse_expr(prec, in_group)?;
-                Box::new(match t {
+                Rc::new(match t {
                     Token::Minus => Expr::Negate(rhs),
                     Token::Not => Expr::Not(rhs),
                     Token::Return => Expr::Return(rhs),
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ where
 
                     let mut exprs = Vec::new();
                     while !matches!(self.try_peek()?, Token::ParenClose) {
-                        exprs.push(*self.parse_expr(Precedence::Min, false)?);
+                        exprs.push(self.parse_expr(Precedence::Min, false)?);
 
                         // Continue if there is a comma,
                         // ignore closing parens
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ where
                     // eat closing paren
                     self.eat();
 
-                    lhs = Box::new(Expr::Call(lhs, exprs));
+                    lhs = Rc::new(Expr::Call(lhs, exprs));
                     continue;
                 }
 
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ where
             let rhs = self.parse_expr(prec, in_group)?;
 
             // join to lhs
-            lhs = Box::new(match op {
+            lhs = Rc::new(match op {
                 // equality
                 Token::EqualTo => Expr::EqualTo(lhs, rhs),
                 Token::NotEqualTo => Expr::NotEqualTo(lhs, rhs),
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ where
                 Err(ParseError::UnexpectedEnd) if !in_block => break,
 
                 // try to parse expr
-                Ok(_) => exprs.push(*self.parse_expr(Precedence::Min, false)?),
+                Ok(_) => exprs.push(self.parse_expr(Precedence::Min, false)?),
 
                 // invalid
                 Err(err) => return Err(err),

src/parser/util.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
 use crate::parser::Expr;
 
-pub fn display(e: Expr) {
+pub fn display(e: &Rc<Expr>) {
     let result = fmt_expr(e, 0);
     println!("{result}");
 }
 
-fn fmt_binop(left: Expr, right: Expr, op: &str, depth: usize) -> String {
+fn fmt_binop(left: &Rc<Expr>, right: &Rc<Expr>, op: &str, depth: usize) -> String {
     format!(
         "({} {} {})",
         fmt_expr(left, depth),
@@ -14,15 +16,15 @@ fn fmt_binop(left: Expr, right: Expr, op: &str, depth: usize) -> String {
     )
 }
 
-fn fmt_expr(e: Expr, depth: usize) -> String {
+fn fmt_expr(e: &Rc<Expr>, depth: usize) -> String {
-    match e {
+    match &**e {
-        Expr::Assignment(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "=", depth),
+        Expr::Assignment(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "=", depth),
         Expr::Literal(l) => l.to_string(),
         Expr::Call(l, r) => {
-            let mut result = fmt_expr(*l, depth);
+            let mut result = fmt_expr(l, depth);
             result.push('(');
             let len = r.len();
-            for (i, e) in r.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            for (i, e) in r.iter().enumerate() {
                 result.push_str(&fmt_expr(e, depth));
                 if i + 1 != len {
                     result.push_str(", ");
@@ -31,11 +33,11 @@ fn fmt_expr(e: Expr, depth: usize) -> String {
             result.push(')');
             result
         }
-        Expr::Return(l) => format!("return {}", fmt_expr(*l, depth)),
+        Expr::Return(r) => format!("return {}", fmt_expr(r, depth)),
         Expr::Block(b) => {
             let mut result = String::new();
             let len = b.exprs.len();
-            for (i, expr) in b.exprs.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            for (i, expr) in b.exprs.iter().enumerate() {
                 result.push_str(&"  ".repeat(depth));
                 result.push_str(&fmt_expr(expr, depth + 1));
                 if depth != 0 || i + 1 != len {
@@ -47,20 +49,20 @@ fn fmt_expr(e: Expr, depth: usize) -> String {
             }
             result
         }
-        Expr::Negate(l) => format!("(-{})", fmt_expr(*l, depth)),
+        Expr::Negate(r) => format!("(-{})", fmt_expr(r, depth)),
-        Expr::Not(l) => format!("(!{})", fmt_expr(*l, depth)),
+        Expr::Not(r) => format!("(!{})", fmt_expr(r, depth)),
-        Expr::EqualTo(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "==", depth),
+        Expr::EqualTo(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "==", depth),
-        Expr::NotEqualTo(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "!=", depth),
+        Expr::NotEqualTo(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "!=", depth),
-        Expr::And(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "&&", depth),
+        Expr::And(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "&&", depth),
-        Expr::Or(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "||", depth),
+        Expr::Or(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "||", depth),
-        Expr::LessThan(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "<", depth),
+        Expr::LessThan(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "<", depth),
-        Expr::LessThanOrEqualTo(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "<=", depth),
+        Expr::LessThanOrEqualTo(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "<=", depth),
-        Expr::GreaterThan(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, ">", depth),
+        Expr::GreaterThan(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, ">", depth),
-        Expr::GreaterThanOrEqualTo(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, ">=", depth),
+        Expr::GreaterThanOrEqualTo(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, ">=", depth),
-        Expr::Add(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "+", depth),
+        Expr::Add(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "+", depth),
-        Expr::Subtract(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "-", depth),
+        Expr::Subtract(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "-", depth),
-        Expr::Multiply(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "*", depth),
+        Expr::Multiply(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "*", depth),
-        Expr::Divide(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "/", depth),
+        Expr::Divide(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "/", depth),
-        Expr::Exponent(l, r) => fmt_binop(*l, *r, "^", depth),
+        Expr::Exponent(l, r) => fmt_binop(l, r, "^", depth),
     }
 }

src/runtime.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+use std::{cell::LazyCell, collections::HashMap, fmt, fmt::Write as _, rc::Rc};
+
+use crate::{
+    lexer::{Ident, Literal},
+    parser::{Block, Expr},
+};
+
+macro_rules! type_error {
+    () => {
+        return Err(RuntimeError::Type.into())
+    };
+}
+macro_rules! uncallable {
+    () => {
+        return Err(RuntimeError::Uncallable.into())
+    };
+}
+
+use Expr as E;
+use Literal as L;
+use Value as V;
+
+fn builtin_print(args: Args) -> RuntimeResult {
+    let mut result = String::new();
+    for v in args {
+        let _ = write!(result, "{v}\t");
+    }
+    println!("{result}");
+    Ok(V::nil())
+}
+fn builtin_if(args: Args) -> RuntimeResult {
+    let Some(Value::Boolean(cond)) = args.get(0).map(|v| &**v) else {
+        type_error!()
+    };
+    let cond = *cond;
+
+    let b_else = args.get(2).map(|v| &**v);
+    let b_if = args.get(1).map(|v| &**v);
+
+    let empty = Vec::new();
+    Ok(match (b_if, b_else) {
+        (Some(V::Block(b_if)), _) if cond => exec_block(&b_if, empty)?,
+        (_, Some(V::Block(b_else))) if !cond => exec_block(&b_else, empty)?,
+        (Some(V::Nil) | None, _) => V::nil(),
+        (_, Some(V::Nil) | None) => V::nil(),
+        (_, _) => uncallable!(),
+    })
+}
+
+thread_local! {
+    static NIL: LazyCell<Rc<Value>> = const { LazyCell::new(|| Rc::new(V::Nil)) };
+    static TRUE: LazyCell<Rc<Value>> = const { LazyCell::new(|| Rc::new(V::Boolean(true))) };
+    static FALSE: LazyCell<Rc<Value>> = const { LazyCell::new(|| Rc::new(V::Boolean(false))) };
+}
+
+pub enum Value {
+    String(Rc<String>),
+    Integer(i64),
+    Boolean(bool),
+    Block(Rc<Block>),
+    BuiltinFn(fn(Args) -> RuntimeResult),
+    Nil,
+}
+impl Value {
+    fn bool(b: bool) -> Rc<Self> {
+        if b {
+            Self::bool_true()
+        } else {
+            Self::bool_false()
+        }
+    }
+    fn int(i: i64) -> Rc<Self> {
+        Rc::new(V::Integer(i))
+    }
+    fn str(s: Rc<String>) -> Rc<Self> {
+        Rc::new(V::String(s))
+    }
+    fn block(b: Rc<Block>) -> Rc<Self> {
+        Rc::new(V::Block(b))
+    }
+    fn builtin_fn(f: fn(Args) -> RuntimeResult) -> Rc<Self> {
+        Rc::new(V::BuiltinFn(f))
+    }
+    fn bool_true() -> Rc<Self> {
+        TRUE.with(|v| (**v).clone())
+    }
+    fn bool_false() -> Rc<Self> {
+        FALSE.with(|v| (**v).clone())
+    }
+    fn nil() -> Rc<Self> {
+        NIL.with(|v| (**v).clone())
+    }
+}
+impl PartialEq for Value {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        match (self, other) {
+            (V::String(s1), V::String(s2)) => s1 == s2,
+            (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) => i1 == i2,
+            (V::Boolean(b1), V::Boolean(b2)) => b1 == b2,
+            (V::Nil, V::Nil) => true,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl fmt::Display for Value {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            V::String(s) => write!(f, "{s}"),
+            V::Integer(i) => write!(f, "{i}"),
+            V::Boolean(b) => write!(f, "{b}"),
+            V::Block(_b) => write!(f, "<block>"),
+            V::BuiltinFn(_f) => write!(f, "<builtin>"),
+            V::Nil => write!(f, "nil"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub enum RuntimeError {
+    Type,
+    Uncallable,
+}
+impl fmt::Display for RuntimeError {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Self::Type => write!(f, "type error"),
+            Self::Uncallable => write!(f, "uncallable"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+pub type RuntimeResult = Result<Rc<Value>, RuntimeError>;
+
+type Args = Vec<Rc<Value>>;
+
+enum EvalOutcome {
+    EarlyReturn(Rc<Value>),
+    Error(RuntimeError),
+}
+impl From<RuntimeError> for EvalOutcome {
+    fn from(err: RuntimeError) -> Self {
+        Self::Error(err)
+    }
+}
+
+fn eval(scope: &mut HashMap<Ident, Rc<Value>>, e: &Rc<Expr>) -> Result<Rc<Value>, EvalOutcome> {
+    Ok(match &**e {
+        E::Assignment(l, r) => {
+            let Expr::Literal(Literal::Ident(id)) = &**l else {
+                type_error!()
+            };
+            let v = eval(scope, r)?;
+            scope.insert(id.clone(), v.clone());
+            v
+        }
+        E::Literal(L::Ident(id)) => match id.as_ref() {
+            "print" => V::builtin_fn(builtin_print),
+            "if" => V::builtin_fn(builtin_if),
+            _ => scope.get(id).cloned().unwrap_or_else(V::nil),
+        },
+        E::Literal(L::String(s)) => V::str(s.clone()),
+        E::Literal(L::Integer(i)) => V::int(*i),
+        E::Literal(L::Boolean(b)) => V::bool(*b),
+        E::Literal(L::Nil) => V::nil(),
+        E::Block(b) => V::block(b.clone()),
+        E::Return(r) => {
+            let r = eval(scope, r)?;
+            return Err(EvalOutcome::EarlyReturn(r));
+        }
+        E::Call(l, r) => {
+            let l = eval(scope, l)?;
+            let args = r.iter().map(|e| eval(scope, e)).collect::<Result<_, _>>()?;
+            match &*l {
+                V::BuiltinFn(f) => f(args)?,
+                V::Block(b) => exec_block(b, args)?,
+                _ => uncallable!(),
+            }
+        }
+        E::Negate(r) => {
+            let l = eval(scope, r)?;
+            let V::Integer(i) = *l else { type_error!() };
+            V::int(-i)
+        }
+        E::Not(r) => {
+            let l = eval(scope, r)?;
+            let V::Boolean(b) = *l else { type_error!() };
+            V::bool(!b)
+        }
+        E::EqualTo(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::bool(*l == *r)
+        }
+        E::NotEqualTo(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::bool(*l != *r)
+        }
+        E::And(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::bool(if let (V::Boolean(b1), V::Boolean(b2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                *b1 && *b2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::Or(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::bool(if let (V::Boolean(b1), V::Boolean(b2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                *b1 || *b2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::LessThan(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::bool(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1 < i2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::LessThanOrEqualTo(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::bool(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1 <= i2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::GreaterThan(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::bool(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1 > i2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::GreaterThanOrEqualTo(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::bool(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1 >= i2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::Add(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::int(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1 + i2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::Subtract(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::int(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1 + i2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::Multiply(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::int(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1 * i2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::Divide(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::int(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1 / i2
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+        E::Exponent(l, r) => {
+            let (l, r) = (eval(scope, l)?, eval(scope, r)?);
+            V::int(if let (V::Integer(i1), V::Integer(i2)) = (&*l, &*r) {
+                i1.pow(*i2 as u32)
+            } else {
+                type_error!()
+            })
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+fn exec_block(b: &Block, _args: Args) -> RuntimeResult {
+    let mut scope = HashMap::new();
+
+    for e in &b.exprs {
+        match eval(&mut scope, e) {
+            Ok(_) => {}
+            Err(EvalOutcome::EarlyReturn(v)) => return Ok(v),
+            Err(EvalOutcome::Error(err)) => return Err(err),
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(V::nil())
+}
+
+pub fn exec(b: &Block) -> RuntimeResult {
+    exec_block(b, Vec::new())
+}